![]() ![]() ![]() Material philosophy, however, hasto do with determinate objects and the laws to which they are subject,is again twofold for these laws are either laws of nature or of freedom. This division is perfectly suitable to the natureof the thing and the only improvement that can be made in it is toadd the principle on which it is based, so that we may both satisfyourselves of its completeness, and also be able to determine correctlythe necessary subdivisions.Īll rational knowledge is either material or formal: the formerconsiders some object, the latter is concerned only with the form ofthe understanding and of the reason itself, and with the universallaws of thought in general without distinction of its objects.Formal philosophy is called logic. Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals 1785īy Immanuel Kant translated by Thomas Kingsmill AbbottĪncient Greek philosophy was divided into three sciences: physics,ethics, and logic. ![]()
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